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Abstract


ÇOK KÜLTÜRLÜLÜK VE MEDYA

In this study, the communication actions that develop depending on human relations in multicultural societies and the image in the cinema and media, which are the means reflecting multiculturalism, are discussed and the situation of the media in multicultural societies is also evaluated. In addition, the position of the media in Turkey, which has a multicultural society within the scope of the relations of multiculturalism with politics, economy and cultural structure, was emphasized. Multiculturalism is one of the realities of the modern world and, if societies are accepted, it is also one of the elements of peaceful living and democracy. The problem in the modern age is the rejection of multiculturalism by some constituents and the demand of monocultural, shallow and narrow-minded societies. Multiculturalism defines a society in which many different cultures live together. According to Christian Joppke, multiculturalism is an output of the homogenization of the nation-states and migrations from neighboring countries to central countries create ethnic and racial diversity and bring along multiculturalist demands. In a world dominated by globalization, multiculturalism is described as a natural development. Even the media, which is the most dynamic element of globalization, cannot escape this reality, even if they sometimes do not want to see multiculturalism. Political concerns, insecurity, conflicts and economic obligations have accelerated the reality of multiculturalism. The concept of multiculturalism emerged as a political notion, and as conditions changed, it was evaluated as a postmodern reality. As the conjuncture in the world changes, the practice of multiculturalism also changes, and its reflections are seen in the media. While serious steps were taken in both theory and practice in favor of "multiculturalism" in Western democracies after the Second World War, there were also practices that closed themselves to this trend, on the contrary, legitimizing inequality with laws through more authoritarian methods. The ruling elites of the Republic of South Africa, where British immigrants constitute the majority, started to apply the "apartheid" (discrimination) regime against the black indigenous people shortly after the war. The world media sometimes ignored these developments politically, sometimes distorted them, but could not prevent their emergence. The trend of globalization, prevailing throughout the world, has caused immigration and multiculturalism all over the world, and societies have been reformed in the last 20-30 years. While the media dealt with the dramatic and sensational aspects of migration and asylum, the moral or humanitarian dimensions were ignored. Multiculturalism is the basis of pluralism. Pluralism is not only a political concept, but also the power to participate in and influence decision-making processes. There are three pillars on which the multicultural society model Switzerland offers: 1) Federalism; 2) Language diversity and freedom; 3) To increase the representation opportunities of minorities in order to achieve the rights of the majority (ie equal citizenship), not minority rights. Switzerland has achieved this by basing it on legal-institutional foundations in order to realize this in the fields of legislative, executive, judicial and publishing-teaching language, and it has also reflected this in its media. Multiculturalism is the basis of democratic structuring and at the same time, it removes the future anxiety of ethnic communities with the easy and comfortable lifestyle it provides to all people. It is generally accepted that multiculturalism supports, nurtures and blesses cultural, linguistic and religious diversity. In addition, the media's adherence to the principles of multiculturalism strengthens the society.



Keywords
Multiculturalism, Media, Society, Pluralism, Democracy.



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